Exposure to sewage can pose significant health risks to humans. It is a hazardous substance that contains various pathogens, bacteria, and viruses. Proper handling and cleanup are crucial to prevent the spread of diseases. ### How does sewage affect human health? Sewage is a mixture of waste materials, including human excreta, household wastewater, and industrial effluents. This complex combination of organic and inorganic compounds can harbor a wide range of microorganisms, many of which can cause illnesses in humans. Some common health risks associated with sewage exposure include: * **Gastrointestinal infections:** These can cause symptoms such as diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Common pathogens responsible for these infections include E. coli, Salmonella, and Shigella. * **Respiratory infections:** Sewage can contain airborne particles that can cause respiratory problems, including coughing, sneezing, and shortness of breath. * **Skin infections:** Skin contact with sewage can lead to irritations, rashes, and infections. Bacteria such as Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus aureus are often responsible for these infections. * **Eye infections:** Contact with sewage can also lead to eye infections, including conjunctivitis and keratitis. * **Other health risks:** Prolonged exposure to sewage can potentially increase the risk of developing more serious health conditions, such as kidney and liver damage. ### Symptoms of sewage exposure The symptoms of sewage exposure can vary depending on the type of pathogen involved and the extent of exposure. However, some common symptoms include: * Fever * Chills * Headache * Muscle aches * Fatigue * Nausea * Vomiting * Diarrhea * Skin rashes * Eye irritation * Respiratory problems If you have been exposed to sewage and are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to seek medical attention promptly. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent the development of serious complications.